Linode Email 無法寄送的解法

Linode 於 2019/12/5 以後開得新帳號(原因：CAN-SPAM Act)，連到外部 SMTP Port 預設都被擋掉，以至於全部 Connection timed out。

新開機器可以直接 telnet 測試看看：

$ telnet gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com 25
Trying 2404:6800:4008:c03::1b…
Trying 74.125.203.26…
telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection timed out

正常狀況

$ telnet gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com 25
Trying 74.125.203.26…
Connected to gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 mx.google.com ESMTP k2si12268129pld.364 - gsmtp

於 Postfix 的 /var/log/mail.log 會看到下述訊息：

Apr 29 12:47:24 localhost postfix/smtp[18520]: connect to gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[74.125.203.27]:25: Connection timed out
Apr 29 12:47:24 localhost postfix/smtp[18521]: connect to gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[108.177.97.27]:25: Connection timed out
Apr 29 12:47:24 localhost postfix/smtp[18523]: connect to gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[64.233.189.26]:25: Connection timed out
Apr 29 12:47:54 localhost postfix/smtp[18523]: connect to alt1.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[108.177.9.27]:25: Connection timed out
Apr 29 12:48:24 localhost postfix/smtp[18523]: connect to alt2.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[209.85.234.26]:25: Connection timed out
Apr 29 12:48:54 localhost postfix/smtp[18522]: connect to alt3.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[142.250.11.27]:25: Connection timed out
Apr 29 12:49:24 localhost postfix/smtp[18520]: connect to alt4.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[142.250.12.27]:25: Connection timed out

想要開通 Email 的 SMTP Port 需要做些設定，然後在於後台開 Ticket 申請。

Linode Email 無法寄送的解法

此問題解法只能開 Ticket 給 Linode，然後 Linode 會需要做幾個設定：

1. a valid DNS A record
2. rDNS for any Linodes that you plan to use to send email.
3. Our guides on configuring DNS and rDNS records within the Linode Manager are linked below:
   1. Next, we ask that you provide us with the name(s) of the Linode(s) that you will be using for mailing.
   2. Finally, we recommend you review Section 2 ("Abuse") of our Acceptable Use Policy. Terms of Service or AUP violations may result in the reinstatement of SMTP port restriction.

所以設定下述：

1. A (ipv4) / AAAA (ipv6) / Wildcard () Domain 設定到 Linode 的 IP
   • DNS Manager | Linode
2. 設定反解，在 Linode 的機器
   • Configure Your Linode for Reverse DNS (rDNS) | Linode

設定完成後，驗證：

• dig +short $DOMAIN # check A record
• dig -x $IP +short # check rDNS 反解

設定完成後，再回覆 Ticket 即可

相關網頁

• Configure Postfix to Send Mail Using an External SMTP Server | Linode
• Configure Postfix to Send Mail Using Gmail and Google Apps on Debian or Ubuntu | Linode
• Postfix to Gmail SMTP routing | Linode Questions